Usmani, S.A.A. 2025. From Al-Khwarizmi’s Algorithms to Qubits: The Islamic Roots of Modern Quantum Computing. The Islamic Culture "As-Saqafat-ul Islamia" الثقافة الإسلامية - Research Journal - Sheikh Zayed Islamic Centre, University of Karachi. 50, 2 (Dec. 2025). DOI:https://doi.org/10.58352/tis.v50i2.984.